April 28 - Chemical Safety Day in Russia.
In July of this year, new standards for chemical safety, developed by «Standartinform», will come into force. Briefly about some of them.
GOST 32536-2020 «Methods of testing the chemical products hazardous to the environment. Determination of acute toxicity for daphnia» will replace the 2013 document of the same name.
Daphnia (Daphnia sp.) Is a genus of planktonic nonoceanic crustaceans from the Cladocera superorder. They are often used as model organisms in many ecological, toxicological, and genetic studies.
The standard establishes requirements for the determination of acute toxicity for daphnia when exposed to chemicals within 48 hours and for recommended media for cultivation and testing.
Young daphnia, less than 24 hours of age, are exposed at the start of the test to a test substance of a certain concentration range for two days.
To confirm the reliability of the test conditions, the EC50 value can be determined - such a concentration of the test substance that leads to inhibition of the mobility of 50% of daphnia during the specified period of exposure.
GOST 34658-2020 «Methods of testing the impact of chemical products on the human body. Assessment of the irritant/corrosive eye exposure» – will enter into force for the first time.
GOST establishes a method for assessing the acute irritant/corrosive effect of a test chemical on the mucous membranes of the eyes by conducting in vivo tests using a procedure for evaluating the weight of evidence, provided there is sufficient information about the substance at each level.
Preferred laboratory animals, according to GOST, are albino rabbits.
Animals must be housed individually. The room temperature for experimental rabbits should be (20 ± 3) ° C. Relative air humidity should be at least 30% and not exceed 70%, except when cleaning the room. The optimum humidity value is from 50% to 60%.
Lighting - artificial, with alternating periods of light (12 hours) and darkness (12 hours). Excessive light intensity should be avoided. Normal laboratory diets with unlimited access to drinking water can be used for feeding.
Also coming into force in July:
GOST 32643-2020 «Methods of testing the impact of chemical products on the human body. Subacute inhalation toxicity: 28-day study»
GOST 32637-2020 «Methods of testing the impact of chemical products on the human body. Repeated dose oral toxicity study in rodent: 90 days»
GOST 32636-2020 «Methods of testing the impact of chemical products on the human body. Subchronic inhalation toxicity: 90-day study»
GOST 32380-2020 «Methods of testing the impact of chemical products on the human body. Tests on the assessment of toxic effects on prenatal development»
GOST 34659-2020 «Methods of testing the impact of chemical products on the human body. Assessment of chromosomal aberrations in bone marrow cells mammals»
GOST 32638-2020 «Methods of testing the impact of chemical products on the human body. Method for evaluating the gene mutations in mammalian cells in vitro»
GOST 32536-2020 «Methods of testing the chemical products hazardous to the environment. Determination of acute toxicity for daphnia»
GOST 32379-2020 «Methods of testing the impact of chemical products on the human body. Reproductive/developmental toxicity assessment tests (screening method)»
GOST 34660-2020 «Methods of testing the impact of chemical products on the human body. Micronucleus analysis on the erythrocytes of mammals»
GOST 32367-2020 «Methods of testing the chemical products of the environmental hazard. Daphnia magna reproduction repression»
GOST 34661-2020 «Methods of testing the impact of chemical products on the human body. Testing to evaluate the carcinogenic activity»
GOST 32635-2020 «Methods of testing the impact of chemical products on the human body. Micronuclear test on mammalian cells in vitro».